8. INDIVIDUALIZATION OF DRUG DOSAGE REGIMEN
Individualization of Drug Dosage Regimen Individualization of drug dosage regimen is a core principle of clinical pharmacokinetics. It refers to tailoring drug therapy to meet the specific needs of each…
9. INDICATIONS FOR TDM. PROTOCOL FOR TDM
Indications for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) and Protocol for TDM: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is an essential tool in clinical pharmacokinetics for optimizing drug therapy, preventing toxicity, and improving treatment…
10. TDM OF CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) plays a critical role in managing cardiovascular drugs due to their narrow therapeutic windows, complex pharmacokinetics, and potentially serious toxicity. Cardiovascular medications such as digoxin, certain…
11. TDM OF SEIZURE DRUGS
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is an essential tool in the management of seizure disorders. Most antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) exhibit significant interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics, narrow therapeutic index ranges, and complex…
12. TDM of ANTIPSYCHIATRIC DRUGS
Antipsychiatric medications are widely used in the management of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, and anxiety. Many of these drugs have narrow therapeutic windows, significant pharmacokinetic variability,…
13. TDM OF DRUGS USED IN ORGAN TRANSPLANTATIONS
Organ transplantation requires lifelong immunosuppressive therapy to prevent graft rejection. Many immunosuppressant drugs have a narrow therapeutic index, significant pharmacokinetic variability, and risk of severe toxicity, making Therapeutic Drug Monitoring…
14. RENAL IMPAIRMENT AND PHARMACOKINETIC CONSIDERATIONS
Renal impairment significantly affects the pharmacokinetic behavior of many drugs. Since the kidneys play a key role in drug elimination and homeostasis, any reduction in renal function can alter the…