15. HEALTH EDUCATION
Health means overall well-being — physical, mental and social. According to WHO (1948), health is “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of…
16. COMMONLY OCCURRING COMMUNICABLE DISEASES – TUBERCULOSIS
Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable infectious disease caused mainly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mostly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also spread to other parts of the body (extrapulmonary…
17. COMMONLY OCCURRING COMMUNICABLE DISEASES – HEPATITIS
Hepatitis refers to inflammation or injury of the liver. It can occur due to toxins, alcohol, drugs, autoimmune conditions, or infections. The most common cause worldwide is viral hepatitis —…
18. COMMONLY OCCURRING COMMUNICABLE DISEASES – TYPHOID
Typhoid fever, also called enteric fever, is an acute infectious disease caused mainly by Salmonella typhi. A related organism, Salmonella paratyphi, causes a milder form of illness. The infection spreads…
19. COMMONLY OCCURRING COMMUNICABLE DISEASES – AMOEBIASIS
Amoebiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. It spreads mainly through contaminated food, unsafe drinking water and poor sanitation. Globally, amoebiasis is one of the…
20. COMMONLY OCCURRING COMMUNICABLE DISEASES – MALARIA
Malaria is a potentially life-threatening parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium species. It spreads to humans through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria is common in tropical countries.…
21. COMMONLY OCCURRING COMMUNICABLE DISEASES – LEPROSY
Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by slow-growing bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or M. lepromatosis. It mainly affects the skin, peripheral nerves, mucous membranes, eyes,…
