Introduction Nausea and vomiting are among the most common complaints seen in community pharmacy practice. Nausea is a subjective feeling—an unpleasant urge to vomit, often accompanied by sweating, pallor, increased…
The word dyspepsia comes from Greek and means “improper digestion.” It refers to upper abdominal discomfort usually linked to food, alcohol or certain medicines. Common offenders include antibiotics, NSAIDs, digoxin,…
Diarrhea is defined as an increase in the frequency and fluidity of stools. A healthy adult passes about 200 g of stool per day, but during diarrhea, stool weight may…
Constipation is defined as infrequent bowel movements (two or fewer per week), difficulty in passing stools, hard or dry stools, and a sensation of incomplete evacuation. It is common among…
Pyrexia is the medical term for fever. The word “pyrexia” comes from the Greek word pyretos, which means “fire.” A pyrogen is any substance that produces fever. Pyrogens may be:…
Eye-related complaints are common in community pharmacy practice. Most conditions are simple and self-limiting, but some require referral to an eye specialist. Early identification of serious symptoms is important to…
Worm infections, also known as helminthiasis, occur when parasitic worms live inside the human body and absorb nutrients meant for the host. These worms can often be seen with the…