Radiopharmaceuticals are specialized medicinal formulations containing radioactive isotopes used for diagnosis and therapy in nuclear medicine. These preparations combine the properties of pharmaceuticals with radioactive atoms, enabling physicians to visualize…
Professional relations and practices are fundamental to the role of a hospital pharmacist. As integral members of the healthcare team, pharmacists must demonstrate strong communication skills, ethical behavior, collaborative practice,…
Continuing Professional Development Programs (CPD) are structured, ongoing educational activities designed to keep healthcare professionals updated with the latest knowledge, skills, and competencies required for quality patient care. For hospital…
Solid dosage forms such as tablets, granules, capsules, and powders represent the most widely used pharmaceutical preparations because of their stability, convenience, accurate dosing, and patient acceptability. Their manufacturing requires…
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is a life-saving therapy designed to provide complete nutritional support to patients who cannot meet their nutritional needs through oral or enteral routes. TPN delivers essential…
The manufacture of ointments, liquids, and creams is an important part of pharmaceutical compounding in hospitals and industry. These formulations are commonly used for topical, oral, or external administration and…
Sterile formulations are essential for patient care, particularly when medications must bypass the gastrointestinal tract and enter directly into systemic circulation. Parenteral preparations require strict aseptic conditions, specialized equipment, and…
