36. URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS
Introduction Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are infections of any part of the urinary system — urethra, bladder, ureters or kidneys. UTIs are second only to respiratory infections in frequency. Most…
37. PNEUMONIA
Introduction Pneumonia is an acute infection of the lung tissue (alveoli and small airways) usually caused by bacteria, viruses or other microbes. The infected areas become filled with fluid or…
38. TYPHOID
Introduction Typhoid fever (enteric fever) is an acute infectious disease most often caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and sometimes by S. paratyphi. It spreads when food or water contaminated…
39. TUBERCULOSIS
Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused mainly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It most often affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can involve many other organs (extrapulmonary or miliary TB).…
40. LEPROSY
Introduction Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae or M. lepromatosis. It develops very slowly (from 6 months to even 40 years)…
41. MALARIA DYSENTERY
Introduction Malaria is a serious and potentially life-threatening infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. It spreads through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria is very common in…
42. HEPATITIS
Introduction Hepatitis means inflammation and injury of the liver cells. It can occur due to toxins, alcohol, drugs, autoimmune diseases, and infections. Most commonly, hepatitis refers to viral infections of…
