15. GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Gas Chromatography (GC) is a widely used analytical separation technique designed primarily for volatile and thermally stable compounds. In GC, a gaseous mobile phase transports vaporized analytes through a column…
16. ELECTROPHORESIS
Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical technique used for separating charged molecules under the influence of an electric field. It is widely used in biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmaceutical analysis, and forensic…
17. GEL FILTRATION
Gel Filtration, also known as Gel Chromatography or Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC), is a highly reliable separation technique used to separate molecules based on their size and molecular weight. Unlike…
18. AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY
Affinity Chromatography is a highly selective separation technique based on the reversible and specific interaction between a biomolecule (e.g., enzyme, antibody, protein, nucleic acid) and an immobilized ligand. This method…
19. POTENTIOMETRY
Potentiometry is an electrochemical analytical technique used to measure the electrical potential of electrodes immersed in a solution. The measured potential is related to the concentration of ions present in…
20. CONDUCTOMETRY
Conductometry is an electroanalytical technique used to measure the electrical conductance of an electrolyte solution. Conductance depends on the concentration of ions, their mobility, and the nature of the solvent.…
21. POLAROGRAPHY
Polarography is an electroanalytical technique that measures the current flowing in an electrochemical cell as the applied voltage is gradually varied. The method is based on the use of a…