Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints, causing inflammation, pain, and swelling. It is characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking the body’s own tissues, particularly the synovial membrane lining the joints. In this article, we will explore the etiopathogenesis, or the origin and development, of rheumatoid arthritis, and discuss the pharmacotherapy options available for its treatment.