8. VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) refers to the formation of blood clots in the veins. It includes two major conditions: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE). DVT occurs when a…
7. ANEMIAS
Anemia is a condition in which the blood has a reduced number of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin. This leads to poor oxygen-carrying capacity and results in fatigue, weakness,…
6. DRUG INDUCED LIVER DISORDERS
Drug-Induced Liver Disorders (DILI) occur when certain medications, herbal products, or chemicals damage the liver. The liver is responsible for metabolizing most drugs, so it is highly vulnerable to toxicity.…
5. VIRAL HEPATITIS INCLUDING JAUNDICE
Viral Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver caused by different viruses such as Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. These infections interfere with normal liver function, cause jaundice, and…
4. ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE
Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) is a progressive liver disorder caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption. The liver plays a major role in detoxifying alcohol. When alcohol intake is high and…
3. INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) refers to long-term inflammation of the digestive tract. The two major types are Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD). Both conditions cause abdominal pain, diarrhea,…
2. GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition where stomach contents, including acid, flow back into the esophagus. This backward movement, known as reflux, leads to discomfort, irritation, and long-term…