Glaucoma is a complex and progressive eye disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is often referred to as the “silent thief of sight” because it can cause irreversible vision loss without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Understanding the etiopathogenesis (the study of the causes and mechanisms of the disease) and implementing appropriate pharmacotherapy (drug treatments) are crucial for managing glaucoma effectively. In this article, we will explore the etiopathogenesis of glaucoma and discuss the pharmacotherapy options available for its treatment.