13. ANTHELMINTIC
Anthelmintics are medicines used to treat infections caused by parasitic worms (helminths). These parasites commonly infect the intestine but may also invade tissues such as the liver, lungs, and muscles.…
14. ANTI-SCABIES AND ANTI-PEDICULAR AGENTS
Scabies and pediculosis (lice infestation) are common parasitic skin conditions. They spread easily through close contact and cause severe itching and irritation. Anti-scabies and anti-pedicular agents are medicines used to…
15. SULPHONAMIDES AND SULPHONES
Sulphonamides are one of the earliest synthetic antibacterial drugs. They act by inhibiting folic acid synthesis in bacteria, preventing growth and multiplication. Sulphones are chemically related compounds with similar mechanisms…
16. ANTI-MALARIALS
Malaria is a serious parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium species (P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, and P. knowlesi). The infection spreads through the bite of infected female…
17. ANTIBIOTICS
Antibiotics are chemical substances that kill bacteria or stop their growth. They are used to treat bacterial infections in humans, animals, and sometimes plants. Antibiotics work by targeting structures or…
18. ANTI-NEOPLASTIC AGENTS
Anti-neoplastic agents, also called anticancer or chemotherapy drugs, are medicines used to treat different types of cancers. Cancer cells divide rapidly and uncontrollably, forming tumors and spreading to other parts…
19. ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS
Antihypertensive agents are medicines used to lower high blood pressure (hypertension). Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries remains high, increasing the risk of…